diff --git a/.clangd b/.clangd
index 8647ae2..39b4547 100644
--- a/.clangd
+++ b/.clangd
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 CompileFlags:
   Add: [
     "-isystem", "/nix/store/9hy16b0ba5bz0gd309rvhh119mn44f4j-libcxx-21.1.2-dev/include/c++/v1",
-    "-isystem", "/nix/store/jkqdwnd0ifr3fkjif3lz003an2fhbh17-glibc-2.40-66-dev/include"
+    "-isystem", "/nix/store/jkqdwnd0ifr3fkjif3lz003an2fhbh17-glibc-2.40-66-dev/include",
+    "-I/nix/store/sqkna0r9zvxi7qdf8n6qckhibp1z2422-vulkan-utility-libraries-1.4.328.0/include"
   ]
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 39a1ba7..fdf3f61 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -17,20 +17,22 @@
       let
         pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; };
         nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
+          cmake
+          meson
+          ninja
+          pkg-config
+        ];
+        buildInputs = with pkgs; [
           vulkan-loader
           vulkan-memory-allocator
           vulkan-validation-layers
+          vulkan-utility-libraries
           vk-bootstrap
           openxr-loader
           wayland
           zlib
           sdl3
         ];
-        buildInputs = with pkgs; [
-          meson
-          ninja
-          pkg-config
-        ];
       in
       {
         devShells.default =
@@ -62,7 +64,8 @@
                 CompileFlags:
                   Add: [
                     "-isystem", "${pkgs.llvmPackages_21.libcxx.dev}/include/c++/v1",
-                    "-isystem", "${pkgs.glibc.dev}/include"
+                    "-isystem", "${pkgs.glibc.dev}/include",
+                    "-I${pkgs.vulkan-utility-libraries}/include"
                   ]
                 EOF
               '';
diff --git a/meson.build b/meson.build
index a18194e..1f8f142 100644
--- a/meson.build
+++ b/meson.build
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ add_project_arguments(
 exe = executable('vr-compositor',
 	[
 		'src/main.cpp',
+		'src/Util.cpp',
 		'src/Logger.cpp',
 		'src/Application.cpp',
 	],
diff --git a/src/Application.cpp b/src/Application.cpp
index 205b019..74d33e5 100644
--- a/src/Application.cpp
+++ b/src/Application.cpp
@@ -1,19 +1,48 @@
 #include "Application.h"
 
-#include <SDL3/SDL_init.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <print>
 
+#include <SDL3/SDL_init.h>
+#include <SDL3/SDL_video.h>
 #include <SDL3/SDL_vulkan.h>
 #include <VkBootstrap.h>
 #include <openxr/openxr.h>
 
+#include "Util.h"
+#include "vulkan/vulkan_core.h"
+
 namespace Lunar {
 
 Application::Application()
+{
+	if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
+		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to initialize SDL.");
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+
+	m_window = SDL_CreateWindow(
+	    "Lunar", 1280, 720, SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
+	if (!m_window) {
+		m_logger.err("Failed to create SDL window");
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+
+	vk_init();
+	swapchain_init();
+	commands_init();
+	sync_init();
+
+	m_logger.info("App init done!");
+}
+
+auto Application::vk_init() -> void
 {
 	vkb::InstanceBuilder instance_builder {};
-	instance_builder.request_validation_layers()
+	instance_builder
+	    .enable_extension(VK_KHR_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_CAPABILITIES_EXTENSION_NAME)
+	    .request_validation_layers()
 	    .set_app_name("Lunar")
 	    .set_engine_name("Lunar")
 	    .require_api_version(1, 0, 0)
@@ -51,51 +80,279 @@ Application::Application()
 		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
 	}
 
-	m_vkb_instance = instance_builder_ret.value();
-
-	if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
-		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to initialize SDL.");
-		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
-	}
-
-	m_window = SDL_CreateWindow(
-	    "Lunar", 1280, 720, SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
-	if (!m_window) {
-		m_logger.err("Failed to create SDL window");
-		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
-	}
+	m_vkb.instance = instance_builder_ret.value();
 
 	if (!SDL_Vulkan_CreateSurface(
-	        m_window, m_vkb_instance, nullptr, &m_vk_surface)) {
+	        m_window, m_vkb.instance, nullptr, &m_vk.surface)) {
 		m_logger.err("Failed to create vulkan surface");
 		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
 	}
 
-	vkb::PhysicalDeviceSelector phys_device_selector { m_vkb_instance };
-	phys_device_selector.set_surface(m_vk_surface)
-	    .add_required_extensions({ VK_KHR_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_FD_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	vkb::PhysicalDeviceSelector phys_device_selector { m_vkb.instance };
+	phys_device_selector.set_surface(m_vk.surface)
+	    .add_desired_extensions({
+	        VK_KHR_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	        VK_KHR_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_FD_EXTENSION_NAME,
 	        VK_EXT_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_DMA_BUF_EXTENSION_NAME,
 	        VK_EXT_QUEUE_FAMILY_FOREIGN_EXTENSION_NAME,
 	        VK_EXT_IMAGE_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_EXTENSION_NAME,
-	        VK_KHR_IMAGE_FORMAT_LIST_EXTENSION_NAME });
+	        VK_KHR_IMAGE_FORMAT_LIST_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	        VK_KHR_BIND_MEMORY_2_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	        VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	        VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE1_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	        VK_KHR_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_EXTENSION_NAME,
+	    });
 	auto physical_device_selector_return { phys_device_selector.select() };
 	if (!physical_device_selector_return) {
-		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to find Vulkan device. Error: {}",
+		std::println(std::cerr,
+		    "Failed to find Vulkan physical device. Error: {}",
 		    physical_device_selector_return.error().message());
 		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
 	}
-	auto phys_device = physical_device_selector_return.value();
+	m_vkb.phys_dev = physical_device_selector_return.value();
 
-	m_logger.info("App init done!");
+	vkb::DeviceBuilder device_builder { m_vkb.phys_dev };
+	auto dev_ret { device_builder.build() };
+	if (!dev_ret) {
+		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to create Vulkan device. Error: {}",
+		    dev_ret.error().message());
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+	m_vkb.dev = dev_ret.value();
+
+	auto queue_ret { m_vkb.dev.get_queue(vkb::QueueType::graphics) };
+	if (!queue_ret) {
+		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to get graphics queue. Error: {}",
+		    queue_ret.error().message());
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+	m_vk.graphics_queue = queue_ret.value();
+
+	auto queue_family_ret { m_vkb.dev.get_queue_index(
+		vkb::QueueType::graphics) };
+	if (!queue_family_ret) {
+		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to get graphics queue. Error: {}",
+		    queue_family_ret.error().message());
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+	m_vk.graphics_queue_family = queue_family_ret.value();
+}
+
+auto Application::swapchain_init() -> void
+{
+	int w, h;
+	SDL_GetWindowSize(m_window, &w, &h);
+	create_swapchain(w, h);
+}
+
+auto Application::commands_init() -> void
+{
+	VkCommandPoolCreateInfo ci {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT,
+		.queueFamilyIndex = m_vk.graphics_queue_family,
+	};
+	for (unsigned i = 0; i < FRAME_OVERLAP; i++) {
+		VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+		    vkCreateCommandPool(
+		        m_vkb.dev, &ci, nullptr, &m_vk.frames.at(i).command_pool));
+
+		VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo ai {
+			.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO,
+			.pNext = nullptr,
+			.commandPool = m_vk.frames.at(i).command_pool,
+			.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
+			.commandBufferCount = 1,
+		};
+
+		VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+		    vkAllocateCommandBuffers(
+		        m_vkb.dev, &ai, &m_vk.frames.at(i).main_command_buffer));
+	}
+}
+
+auto Application::sync_init() -> void
+{
+	VkFenceCreateInfo fence_ci {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT,
+	};
+	VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphore_ci {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.flags = 0,
+	};
+	for (auto &frame_data : m_vk.frames) {
+		VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+		    vkCreateFence(
+		        m_vkb.dev, &fence_ci, nullptr, &frame_data.render_fence));
+
+		VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+		    vkCreateSemaphore(m_vkb.dev, &semaphore_ci, nullptr,
+		        &frame_data.swapchain_semaphore));
+	}
+}
+
+auto Application::render() -> void
+{
+	defer(m_vk.frame_number++);
+
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+	    vkWaitForFences(m_vkb.dev, 1, &m_vk.get_current_frame().render_fence,
+	        true, 1'000'000'000));
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+	    vkResetFences(m_vkb.dev, 1, &m_vk.get_current_frame().render_fence));
+
+	uint32_t swapchain_image_idx;
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+	    vkAcquireNextImageKHR(m_vkb.dev, m_vk.swapchain, 1000000000,
+	        m_vk.get_current_frame().swapchain_semaphore, nullptr,
+	        &swapchain_image_idx));
+
+	auto cmd { m_vk.get_current_frame().main_command_buffer };
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger, vkResetCommandBuffer(cmd, 0));
+	VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmd_begin_info {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT,
+		.pInheritanceInfo = nullptr,
+	};
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger, vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &cmd_begin_info));
+
+	vkutil::transition_image(cmd, m_vk.swapchain_images.at(swapchain_image_idx),
+	    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
+
+	VkClearColorValue clear_value;
+	float flash { std::abs(std::sin(m_vk.frame_number / 60.f)) };
+	clear_value = { { 0x64 / 255.0f * flash, 0x95 / 255.0f * flash,
+		0xED / 255.0f * flash, 1.0f } };
+
+	VkImageSubresourceRange clear_range {
+		.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
+		.baseMipLevel = 0,
+		.levelCount = 1,
+		.baseArrayLayer = 0,
+		.layerCount = 1,
+	};
+	vkCmdClearColorImage(cmd, m_vk.swapchain_images[swapchain_image_idx],
+	    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &clear_value, 1, &clear_range);
+
+	vkutil::transition_image(cmd, m_vk.swapchain_images[swapchain_image_idx],
+	    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR);
+
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger, vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
+
+	VkSemaphore render_semaphore
+	    = m_vk.present_semaphores.at(swapchain_image_idx);
+	VkPipelineStageFlags wait_stage
+	    = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
+	VkSubmitInfo submit_info {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.waitSemaphoreCount = 1,
+		.pWaitSemaphores = &m_vk.get_current_frame().swapchain_semaphore,
+		.pWaitDstStageMask = &wait_stage,
+		.commandBufferCount = 1,
+		.pCommandBuffers = &cmd,
+		.signalSemaphoreCount = 1,
+		.pSignalSemaphores = &render_semaphore,
+	};
+
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+	    vkQueueSubmit(m_vk.graphics_queue, 1, &submit_info,
+	        m_vk.get_current_frame().render_fence));
+
+	VkPresentInfoKHR present_info = {};
+	present_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR;
+	present_info.pNext = nullptr;
+	present_info.pSwapchains = &m_vk.swapchain;
+	present_info.swapchainCount = 1;
+
+	present_info.pWaitSemaphores = &render_semaphore;
+	present_info.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
+
+	present_info.pImageIndices = &swapchain_image_idx;
+
+	VK_CHECK(m_logger, vkQueuePresentKHR(m_vk.graphics_queue, &present_info));
+}
+
+auto Application::create_swapchain(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) -> void
+{
+	vkb::SwapchainBuilder builder { m_vkb.phys_dev, m_vkb.dev, m_vk.surface };
+	m_vk.swapchain_image_format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
+	auto const swapchain_ret { builder
+		    .set_desired_format({
+		        .format = m_vk.swapchain_image_format,
+		        .colorSpace = VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR,
+		    })
+		    .set_desired_present_mode(VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR)
+		    .set_desired_extent(width, height)
+		    .add_image_usage_flags(VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT)
+		    .build() };
+	if (!swapchain_ret) {
+		std::println(std::cerr, "Failed to create swapchain. Error: {}",
+		    swapchain_ret.error().message());
+		throw std::runtime_error("App init fail");
+	}
+	m_vkb.swapchain = swapchain_ret.value();
+
+	m_vk.swapchain = m_vkb.swapchain.swapchain;
+	m_vk.swapchain_extent = m_vkb.swapchain.extent;
+	m_vk.swapchain_images = m_vkb.swapchain.get_images().value();
+	m_vk.swapchain_image_views = m_vkb.swapchain.get_image_views().value();
+
+	VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphore_ci {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+		.flags = 0,
+	};
+	m_vk.present_semaphores.resize(m_vk.swapchain_images.size());
+	for (auto &semaphore : m_vk.present_semaphores) {
+		VK_CHECK(m_logger,
+		    vkCreateSemaphore(m_vkb.dev, &semaphore_ci, nullptr, &semaphore));
+	}
+}
+
+auto Application::destroy_swapchain() -> void
+{
+	if (m_vk.swapchain == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
+		return;
+
+	for (auto const semaphore : m_vk.present_semaphores) {
+		vkDestroySemaphore(m_vkb.dev, semaphore, nullptr);
+	}
+	for (auto const &iv : m_vk.swapchain_image_views) {
+		vkDestroyImageView(m_vkb.dev, iv, nullptr);
+	}
+	vkDestroySwapchainKHR(m_vkb.dev, m_vk.swapchain, nullptr);
+
+	m_vk.swapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+	m_vk.swapchain_image_views.clear();
+	m_vk.swapchain_images.clear();
+	m_vk.present_semaphores.clear();
 }
 
 Application::~Application()
 {
-	SDL_Vulkan_DestroySurface(m_vkb_instance, m_vk_surface, nullptr);
+	vkDeviceWaitIdle(m_vkb.dev);
+
+	for (auto &frame_data : m_vk.frames) {
+		vkDestroyCommandPool(m_vkb.dev, frame_data.command_pool, nullptr);
+
+		vkDestroyFence(m_vkb.dev, frame_data.render_fence, nullptr);
+		vkDestroySemaphore(m_vkb.dev, frame_data.swapchain_semaphore, nullptr);
+	}
+
+	destroy_swapchain();
+
+	SDL_Vulkan_DestroySurface(m_vkb.instance, m_vk.surface, nullptr);
 	SDL_DestroyWindow(m_window);
 	SDL_Quit();
 
-	vkb::destroy_instance(m_vkb_instance);
+	vkb::destroy_device(m_vkb.dev);
+	vkb::destroy_instance(m_vkb.instance);
 
 	m_logger.info("App destroy done!");
 }
@@ -109,7 +366,8 @@ auto Application::run() -> void
 			if (e.type == SDL_EVENT_QUIT)
 				m_running = false;
 		}
-		// nothing else
+
+		render();
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/Application.h b/src/Application.h
index 28e8427..e9a7233 100644
--- a/src/Application.h
+++ b/src/Application.h
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <vector>
+
 #include <SDL3/SDL_video.h>
 #include <VkBootstrap.h>
 #include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
@@ -8,6 +10,15 @@
 
 namespace Lunar {
 
+struct FrameData {
+	VkCommandPool command_pool;
+	VkCommandBuffer main_command_buffer;
+	VkSemaphore swapchain_semaphore;
+	VkFence render_fence;
+};
+
+constexpr unsigned FRAME_OVERLAP = 2;
+
 struct Application {
 	Application();
 	~Application();
@@ -15,8 +26,45 @@ struct Application {
 	auto run() -> void;
 
 private:
-	vkb::Instance m_vkb_instance;
-	VkSurfaceKHR m_vk_surface { nullptr };
+	auto vk_init() -> void;
+	auto swapchain_init() -> void;
+	auto commands_init() -> void;
+	auto sync_init() -> void;
+
+	auto render() -> void;
+
+	auto create_swapchain(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) -> void;
+	auto destroy_swapchain() -> void;
+
+	struct {
+		vkb::Instance instance;
+		vkb::PhysicalDevice phys_dev;
+		vkb::Device dev;
+		vkb::Swapchain swapchain;
+	} m_vkb;
+
+	struct {
+		VkSwapchainKHR swapchain { VK_NULL_HANDLE };
+		VkFormat swapchain_image_format;
+		VkSurfaceKHR surface { nullptr };
+
+		VkQueue graphics_queue { nullptr };
+		uint32_t graphics_queue_family { 0 };
+
+		std::vector<VkImage> swapchain_images;
+		std::vector<VkImageView> swapchain_image_views;
+		std::vector<VkSemaphore> present_semaphores;
+		VkExtent2D swapchain_extent;
+
+		std::array<FrameData, FRAME_OVERLAP> frames;
+		auto get_current_frame() -> FrameData &
+		{
+			return frames.at(frame_number % frames.size());
+		}
+
+		uint64_t frame_number { 0 };
+	} m_vk;
+
 	SDL_Window *m_window { nullptr };
 	Logger m_logger { "Lunar" };
 
diff --git a/src/Util.cpp b/src/Util.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0c9e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Util.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include "Util.h"
+
+namespace vkutil {
+
+void transition_image(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkImage image,
+    VkImageLayout current_layout, VkImageLayout new_layout)
+{
+	VkImageAspectFlags aspect_mask
+	    = (new_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL)
+	    ? VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT
+	    : VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+
+	VkImageMemoryBarrier image_barrier {
+		.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
+		.pNext = nullptr,
+
+		.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_WRITE_BIT,
+		.dstAccessMask
+		= VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT,
+		.oldLayout = current_layout,
+		.newLayout = new_layout,
+		.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+		.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+		.image = image,
+		.subresourceRange = {
+			.aspectMask = aspect_mask,
+			.baseMipLevel = 0,
+			.levelCount = 1,
+			.baseArrayLayer = 0,
+			.layerCount = 1,
+		},
+	};
+
+	vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd,
+	    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT,
+	    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
+	    &image_barrier);
+}
+
+} // namespace vkutil
diff --git a/src/Util.h b/src/Util.h
index 8a150f6..9a4155f 100644
--- a/src/Util.h
+++ b/src/Util.h
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <string_view>
+
+#include <vulkan/vk_enum_string_helper.h>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
+
 using namespace std::string_view_literals;
 
 template<typename F> struct privDefer {
@@ -24,3 +28,19 @@ template<typename F> privDefer<F> defer_func(F f) { return privDefer<F>(f); }
 #else
 #	define ALIGN(a) __attribute__((aligned(a)))
 #endif
+
+#define VK_CHECK(logger, x) \
+	do { \
+		VkResult err { x }; \
+		if (err) { \
+			(logger).err("Detected Vulkan error: {}", string_VkResult(err)); \
+			throw std::runtime_error("Vulkan error"); \
+		} \
+	} while (0)
+
+namespace vkutil {
+
+void transition_image(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkImage image,
+    VkImageLayout current_layout, VkImageLayout new_layout);
+
+} // namespace vkutil